Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Nutraceuticals, Herbal medicine,novel techniques,ayurveda,ginkgo biloba.bhrami.
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is related to cognitive impairment,dementia observed generally in aged population.It gradually worsens memory power of the patient for AD.There are many categories of Anti-Alzheimer’s drugs available for management of AD in the market for example rivastigmine,Galantamine,donepezil,due to lack of patient compliance successful outcomes were not observed. Apart from this including Nutraceuticals for example vitbcomplex,vitc,vitd,zinc,in diet daily routine, Aromatherapy, modifications in the regular schedule, practicing yoga regularly relaxes mind and body from tensions,blood circulation,detoxification of organs due to rhythmic breathings and reduce frequency of incidence of headache are proven to show best results by relieving stress according to patient information. At present herbal medicine for example brahmi, green tea,cognium,medhabati, has turn out to be best choice for the management of AD because of its availability, very economic, good patient compliance, ease of formulation and lower deleterious side effects. Novel techniques ayurveda can be used for the development of herbal medicine. This review totally discuses about the herbal medicine used in occurrence of AD, its Pathophysiology, different stages in the disorder, various selective therapeutic targets for AD, available AntiAD herbal drugs such as Curcumin, Withania somnifera, Bhrami, Ginkgo biloba, guggul, ginseng, herbs with essential oils, volatile oils,source and cultivation of the herbs, mechanism of action of the Phytochemicals in the herb responsible for treating AD.
National Accountability Bureau, University of Sargodha, Pharmaceutical Care, Healthcare system, Ordinary investigation, Litigation Model.
Abstract
Free, fair and ethical process of conduct with the assigned responsibility to completed it with given resources, schedule and environment is called accountability. It is also a confession of an employ to admit an error made in assigned obligations. United State Agency for International Development (USAID), the federal agency, administers civilian foreign aid, defines measures of government accountability by some key factors including a free and fair political justice system; protection of human rights; a vibrant civil society; public confidence in the police and courts, and security sector reform. So, accountability is about employees taking responsibility and ownership for their decisions, actions, performance, and behavior. That also covers the intention, dedication, trust, and commitment to do the right thing for a particular project, institution, state, or business. Unfortunately, corruption is embedded within the health systems. Throughout my academic and research career, the Ministry of Health, public health professionals, and provincial health departments have been able to see deep-rooted dishonesty and fraud. So, the magnitude of the problem of corruption can be outlined, how it happens, what are potential contributing factors and how it is started. We can also describe the people's fears around the topic, methodologies to address the corruption, and responsibilities of communities irrespective of their level of involvement. Policymakers, funding agencies, and researchers are needed to get involved in the discussion as an important component. Corruption represents a functional reality in many low and middle income countries of the world. That is identified and confirmed multiple times, methods and scientific patterns. That is consistently hurting the quality of healthcare facilities and valuable professionals, financial and technical resources. So, a strong intervention of law enforcement agencies, health authorities, federal and provincial government needed to protect public resources, enforce rule of law and secure the system by exploring the damage happened because of undesired corruption in UOS Pharmaceutical Laboratories, University of Sargodha, Pakistan. That will also help to develop and deploy more effective strategies at the local and international levels. Moreover, the corruption may be intentionally undermined in terms of its capacity, contribution to economic growth, health, and scientific development to grant the relief to responsible culprits. However, the direct and deep intervention of the government institutions including Governor House, Chief Minister House, National Accountability Bureau, Anti-corruption, Health Dept., DRAP, FIA may potentially help to potted the resources, prevent scamming and control the corruption. This will strengthen the essential components of the healthcare system in Pakistan and other developing countries of the world.
